Course Catalogue.

After participating in this course, you will be able to:

• Gain a thorough understanding of how to convert unbalanced electrical systems into symmetrical components
• Develop the skills to examine and interpret sequence circuits, including positive, negative, and zero sequences
• Learn to effectively use sequence circuits to diagnose and resolve different types of electrical faults
• Acquire the knowledge to evaluate zero sequence circuits, which is essential for choosing the appropriate grounding methods
• Perform basic calculations for short circuits and over-voltages

Description
The method of symmetrical components was developed over a century ago, yet it is not widely understood today. In this course, we seek to address this gap by exploring the method in-depth. The entire field of power electrical engineering relies on this method. This fundamental technique is crucial for analyzing and designing various electrical systems. It is utilized in applications ranging from the simplest protection relays to large-scale generators that produce electricity. Additionally, it plays a vital role in the functioning of transformers, which are essential for voltage regulation and energy distribution, and transmission lines, which carry electrical power over long distances. By breaking down complex unbalanced systems into symmetrical components, engineers can simplify their analysis, leading to more efficient and reliable power system designs.

During the course, we will describe and explain the fundamental concepts of the methodology so that participants can begin to understand a three-phase power system from the symmetrical components point of view, clarifying the protection, control, and operation of electrical power systems. Attendees will learn to perform short circuit calculations both manually and for large systems using advanced software applications. Course material and hands-on exercises will be used to reinforce the concepts.

Who Should Attend
This course is ideal for a wide range of electrical engineering professionals and students. It is particularly suited for Power Design Engineers, Protection and Control Engineers, Operation and Maintenance Managers, and Consultants.

Additionally, Electrical Technicians, Power System Analysts, and Electrical Engineering Students will benefit from the course content. Utility Engineers, Project Managers involved in electrical projects, and Electrical Engineering Educators will also find the course highly valuable.

Furthermore, Automation and Control Engineers, Renewable Energy Engineers, and Electrical Safety Engineers are encouraged to attend to enhance their understanding of symmetrical components and their applications.

Course Syllabus

Day 1

Fundamental Concepts

Sequence Circuits:

• Direct
• Inverse
• Homopolar

Typical Values of Sequence Impedances for Major Components

Ohm’s Law for Symmetrical Components

Neutral Impedance on the Load Side or Generator Side

Per Unit System

Day 2

Equations for all Different Types of Short Circuits:

• Three phases
• Two phases
• Two phases to Ground
• One phase to Ground
• Second Ground Fault

Measurement of Symmetrical Components

Day 3

Application to Electrical machines

Application to Arc Flash studies

Application to Grounding: Comparison among all Short Circuit cases for:

• Isolated systems
• Neutral to Ground through Impedance

• High resistance
• Low resistance
• Reactor
• Peterson coil

• Neutral directly to Ground

Typical Values of:

• Generator’s reactance
• Time constant
• Electromotive forces

Short Circuit Current Instant Values

• Sub-transient
• Transient
• Permanent

Day 4

Solving Cases

Short Circuit Calculation Step-By-Step Process for:

• Networks with one source or generator
• Networks with multiple sources or generators
• Based on absolute impedances
• Based on per-unit system