Course Catalogue.

After participating in this course, you will be able to:

• Characterize water and identify water types
• Recognize the types of water contaminants and identify the treatment processes and methods for their removal
• Remove suspended solids and colloids, dissolved and particulate organic matter, metals and contaminating inorganic substances from water by conventional and advanced treatment processes
• Recognize the operation principles of conventional and advanced drinking water treatment systems
• Apply your knowledge to select and design appropriate treatment processes for the production of high-quality drinking water

Description
This course discusses the principles and practices of water treatment for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants, leading to the production of drinking water. It addresses the types of contaminants in water as well as the operation principles and applications of conventional and advanced drinking water treatment processes.

These processes include coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation and clarification, filtration, precipitation, ion-exchange, adsorption, disinfection and membrane processes. Examples of conventional and modern drinking water treatment plants will be presented.

Who Should Attend
Facility/Utility Engineers, Consulting Engineers, Technicians and Technologists, Municipal Planners, Plant Managers, Plant Operating personnel, and anyone interested in learning about drinking water chemistry and treatment approaches

Course Syllabus

Day 1:

Water Resources, Hydrology and Characteristics

• Sources and hydrological aspects of water
•  Physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of water
• Water pollutants: dissolved, non-dissolved, organic and inorganic contaminants
• Fundamental chemical concepts

Drinking Water Treatment: Conventional Treatment Technologies

Coagulation-Flocculation Processes

• Characteristics of colloids and suspended particles
• Theoretical aspects of coagulation and flocculation processes
• Type of coagulants and flocculants
• Design of coagulation-flocculation reactors

Sedimentation and Clarification Processes

• Principles of particle settling and solid-liquid separation
• Design and operation aspects of sedimentation/clarification processes
• Operational parameters of sedimentation/clarification tanks

Filtration

• Types of filters: screen filters, surface filters, depth filters
• Particle removal mechanisms during filtration processes
• Important factors for filter media
• Filter backwashing

Chemical Precipitation

• Removal of metals from a solution by chemical precipitation
• Hydroxide precipitation of metals
• Carbonate precipitation of metals
• Sulfide precipitation of metals
• Removal of phosphorus from water by chemical precipitation

Day 2:

Water Softening

• Water softening by chemical precipitation
• Water softening operations
• Estimation of chemical consumption and solids production during softening processes

Drinking Water Treatment: Advanced Treatment Technologies

Ion Exchange

• Ion exchange mechanism and applications
• Ion exchange resin selectivity and affinity
• Resin regeneration after water demineralization
• Water softening by ion exchange

Adsorption

• Adsorption separation processes
• Types of contaminants removed by adsorption
• Granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon (PAC)
• Types of adsorption columns

Membrane Processes

• Operation principles of membrane systems
• Types of membranes used in water treatment operations: Microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis
• Components and configuration of membrane systems
• Operating parameters in membrane systems

Disinfection Processes

• Mechanisms of disinfection processes
• Properties of disinfectants
• Chlorination
• Ozonation
• UV disinfection

Drinking Water Treatment Plants

• Examples of conventional and modern drinking water treatment plants

Concluding Remarks

Discussion period: questions and answers