TRAINING.

Overview

After participating in this course, you will be able to:

• use your knowledge of protection techniques
• further your understanding of protective devices
• determine your own relay settings
• apply your awareness of recommended practices in protection schemes
• understand problems generally faced and solutions

Description
Protection of low, medium and high voltage power systems requires an understanding of system faults and their detection, as well as their safe disconnection from the power system. This course presents a comprehensive and systematic description of the concepts and principles of operation and application of protection schemes for various power system elements such as feeders, transformers, motors, buses and generators. This course deals with protection systems from a practical perspective and includes important functional aspects such as testing and coordination of protection systems.

This course is specially designed for industries and utilities which depend on proper system protection for operational efficiency and minimizing damage to equipment.

Who Should Attend
Engineers • Technicians and Technologists in the Industrial, Consulting and Utility fields • Those Involved in Design, Regulatory Inspection, Operation and Maintenance

Please note: You can check other time zones here.

Syllabus

Welcome, Introduction, Course Preview, Learning Outcomes and the Assessment Method

Power System Faults

• Different types of faults
• Incidence of faults in power system equipment
• Effects of power system faults
• Magnitude of fault current
• Detection of faults
• Clearance of faults
• Requirements of protective relaying systems

Components of Power System Protection Schemes

• Fault-detecting relays
• The transition from electro-mechanical relays to electronic and digital microprocessor-based relays
• Tripping relays and other auxiliary relays
• Circuit breakers - bulk oil, air-blast, vacuum, SF6
• Current transformers
• Voltage transformers
• Modern microprocessor-based relays - review types available

Current Transformers (CT) and Voltage Transformers (VT)

• Various types of CTs, VTs and CVTs
• Theory and characteristics of CTs
• Application requirements of CTs for protective relaying
• Accuracy classifications
• Future trends in CT design using optics
• Testing of CTs and VTs

Feeder Overcurrent Protection

• Protective relaying requirements for radial systems
• Elements of feeder protection schemes
• High-set, low-set and inverse-timed elements
• Coordination with other devices and fuses
• Various types of overcurrent relays
• Electromechanical, electronic and digital relays
• Relay setting criteria
• Load limitations
• Testing of overcurrent protection schemes
• Microprocessor-based feeder overcurrent relays - features, application and testing

Coordination of Electrical Protection Systems

• Fuse to fuse
• Circuit breaker to a fuse
• Fuse to circuit breaker
• Computer software packages for protection coordination studies
• Auto-reclosing of circuit breakers
• Breaker Failure Protection
• Back-up protection
• Limitation of fault current
• Selective zones of protection

Bus Protection

• Types of bus protection schemes
• Basic concept of differential protection
• High impedance relays for bus differential protection
• Application to various bus configurations
• Bus Protection for radial systems
• Testing of bus protection schemes

Transformer Protection

• Overcurrent and ground fault protection
• Application of differential protection to transformers
• Restricted ground fault protection
• Gas relays, pressure and gas accumulation
• Winding temperature and oil temperature devices
• Testing of transformer protection schemes
• Modern microprocessor-based multi-function relays - available functions, application and testing

Generator Protection

• Differential protection
• Reverse power, 100% stator ground fault, out-of-step
• Loss of field, field ground, overexcitation, inter-turn, etc.
• Over-frequency, under frequency, overvoltage, undervoltage
• Negative phase sequence or phase unbalance
• Voltage controlled and voltage restricted overcurrent protection
• Synchronizing systems, synchro-check relays
• Comparison of electro-mechanical and electronic relays
• Testing of generator protection schemes
• Microprocessor-based multi-function generator protection relays - available relays, application and testing

Transmission Line Protection

• Interconnected systems with a two-way flow of fault current
• Distance or impedance protection schemes
• Line current differential protection schemes
• Communication channel requirements between terminals
• Coordination and transfer-tripping between terminals
• Modern microprocessor-based line protection relays - available relays, features, applications and testing
• Special Protection Systems – generation rejection schemes for various power system contingencies

Questions and Answers and Feedback to Participants on Achievement of Learning Outcomes

Instructor

Mike has over 35 years of experience in power system protective relaying with the Central Electricity Generating Board in England and Ontario Hydro and is currently chief electrical engineer with Eastern Power Ltd.

Mr. Southwood took early retirement from Ontario Hydro after 25 years of service. He was a Senior Protection & Control Engineer in Cherrywood District, responsible for commissioning and maintaining protective relaying, control and metering schemes on the 500 kV, 230 kV and 44 kV systems. Mr. Southwood is currently a Chief Electrical Engineer with Eastern Power Ltd., a company that designs, builds and operates non-utility generating stations.

He has conducted numerous seminars/courses on power system protection for various industries and universities in major North American cities and for various overseas electrical utilities.