Course Catalogue.

After participating in this course, you will be able to:

• Identify the origins and sources of overvoltage transients in power systems.
• Apply fundamental techniques for analyzing transients in power system circuits.
• Conduct impulse testing of power system assets according to industry standards.
• Implement effective overvoltage protection strategies for various power system components.
• Analyze the distribution and impact of overvoltage transients on power system assets.

Description
Power systems are regularly subjected to various forms of overvoltage transients, primarily due to ferro-resonance, lightning, and switching events. If not properly managed, these transients can significantly affect the stability and reliability of the power system. Overvoltage transients can lead to insulation failures, equipment damage, and potentially catastrophic system failures. Therefore, understanding the sources and physics of these transients is crucial for maintaining the integrity and longevity of power system assets.

This course will review the origins and physical mechanisms behind different power system transients and their impacts on various power system components. An examination of impulse testing methodologies, adhering to IEEE/IEC standards, will be conducted to assess the resilience of power system assets under transient conditions. The course will also delve into the critical aspects of insulation coordination, essential for protecting power system components from transient overvoltages. Engineers can design more robust protection strategies by understanding the nature of these transients and their interactions with power system assets.

Who Should Attend
This course is designed for Electrical Engineers involved in operating, testing, and maintaining power system assets. It is also highly recommended for senior technicians who play a crucial role in maintaining these essential components.

By attending this course, participants will gain valuable insights and advanced knowledge that will enhance their skills and expertise in managing power system assets effectively.

Course Syllabus

Day I

Introduction

• Types of power system transients:
• Low frequency transient
• High frequency transient
• Examples of sources of power system transients:
• Lightning,
• Capacitor and load switching,
• Ferro-resonance,
• Energizing long transmission lines

Basics of Analyzing Electric Circuits Under Transients

• RL, RC and RLC circuit

Normal Switching Transients

• Energizing RL circuit
• Capacitor inrush current
• Circuit breaker opening transient (transient recovery voltage TRV)

Abnormal Switching Transients

• Current chopping
• Disconnecting a capacitor bank
• Transformer inrush current

Lightning

• Physics of lightning strikes
• Interaction between lightning and power system

Travelling Wave

• Surge impedance, lossless and lossy lines
• Effect of overhead line termination on the travelling wave

Day II

Non-Linear Distribution of Voltage Transients In Power System Assets

• Distribution of impulse voltage in transformer and machine windings
• Distribution of impulse voltage in cable joints and terminations.

Impulse Testing of Power System Assets

• Design of impulse generator and requirement of impulse testing (IEEE Standard 4):
• Lightning impulse testing (1.2/50ms)
• Chopped impulse testing (1.2/5ms)
• Switching impulse tests (250/2500ms)
• Simulation of an impulse generator using commercial software
• Impulse testing of power system assets:
• Transformers (IEEE C57.98 and IEC 60076-3)
• Cables (IEEE Std 82 and IEC 60230)
• Outdoor insulators (IEC 62217)

Insulation Coordination

• Strength of electrical insulation and failure mechanism
• The hierarchy of insulation coordination

Protection of Power System Assets Against Overvoltage Transients

• Arcing horns
• Surge arresters
• Overhead lines grounding wire

Study Cases of Different Power Systems Transients

• Ferro-resonance
• Capacitor switching
• Lightning protection.